城乡结合地区老年人的抑郁状况及影响因素

摘要

Objective To investigate elderly depression in urban and rural areas combined and to explore the influencing factors. Methods Using convenience sampling method, we enrolled 2 500 elders who received physical examination in Meilong Community Health Service Center in Minhang District of Shanghai from March to September in 2012. Investigation on the subjects was conducted using GDS and self -designed questionnaire. The content of self -designed questionnaire included basic information of the subjects. A total of 2 387 subjects who well completed the questionnaire were included in the study. Results The detection rate of depression was 25. 1% ( 598/2 387 ) . The subjects with different depressive status were significantly different (P<0. 05) in average age, marital status, education level, occupation, the history of stroke, the history of coronary heart disease and the history of hypertension, WHR, BMI, FPG and systolic pressure and were not significantly different (P>0. 05) in gender, the history of smoking, tea drinking, alcoholic consumption and myocardial infarction, the family history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, TC, TG, HDL, LDL and diastolic pressure. The multivariate non -conditional logistic regression analysis showed that marital status, education level, history of stroke, WHR and FPG have significant influence on elderly depression ( P <0. 05 ) . Conclusion The detection rate of depression in elders in urban and rural areas combined is high, with marital status, education level, history of stroke, WHR and FPG as the influencing factors.%目的：了解城乡结合地区老年人的抑郁状况，并探讨其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法，选取于2012年3—9月在上海市闵行区梅陇社区卫生服务中心进行体格检查的老年人2500名。采用老年抑郁量表( GDS)和自行设计的问卷对其进行调查，自行设计的问卷内容为老年人基本情况，最终纳入问卷填写合格的老年人2387名。结果老年人的抑郁检出率为25．1%(598/2387)。不同抑郁状况老年人的平均年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、脑卒中既往史、冠心病既往史、高血压既往史、腰臀比( WHR)、体质指数( BMI)、空腹血糖( FPG)及收缩压比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0．05)；而性别、吸烟史、饮茶史、饮酒史、心肌梗死既往史、高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史、总胆固醇( TC)、三酰甘油( TG)、高密度脂蛋白( HDL)、低密度脂蛋白( LDL)及舒张压比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示，婚姻状况、文化程度、脑卒中既往史、 WHR及FPG对老年人抑郁的影响有统计学意义(P<0．05)。结论城乡结合地区老年人的抑郁检出率较高，婚姻状况、文化程度、脑卒中既往史、 WHR及FPG是其影响因素。