我国三省市城镇居民亚健康状况及影响因素研究

摘要

Objective To understand the sub-health status of urban residents in three regions,and to explore its influencing factors. Methods Using the regional stratified random sampling method,we selected 10 000 urban residents from Guangdong(n=4 000),Anhui(n=2 000)and Tianjin(n=4 000)from June 2012 to June 2013. We adopted the general conditions and the Sub-health Measurement Scale Version 1. 0(SHMS V1. 0)of Questionnaire of Urban Residents Sub-health Status to do the investigation. 8 326 cases(3 772 cases of Guangdong,1 082 cases of Anhui,3 472 cases of Tianjin)were finally recovered as valid questionnaires with a recovery rate of 83. 3%. We compared different SHMS V1. 0 scores of residents in general conditions,and used the multivariate linear regression analysis to explore the influencing factors. Results The urban resdents'subscale score of physical sub-health( PS),of mental sub-health( MS),of social sub-health( SS)and total scale(TS)were(72. 1 ± 13. 0),(66. 0 ± 14. 9),(63. 9 ± 15. 9),and(67. 9 ± 12. 1)respectively. Except the SS scale scores between residents of different gender,and PS scale scores between residents with different monthly income,there was significant difference in PS,MS,SS scale and TS scores of different areas,genders,ages,marital status,working situations, monthly income and average daily working time among residents(P﹤0. 05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that areas,genders, ages, marital status, working situations, monthly income and average daily working time significantly influenced the TS scores of urban residents(P﹤0. 05). Conclusion The sub-health status of urban residents in three regions of China is in medium level, and the influencing factors include areas, genders, ages, marital status, working situations, monthly income and average daily working time.%目的：了解我国三省市城镇居民的亚健康状况，并探讨其影响因素。方法于2012年6月—2013年6月，采用区域分层随机抽样法抽取广东省（ n＝4000）、安徽省（ n＝2000）、天津市（ n＝4000）的城镇居民10000例。采用《城镇居民亚健康状况调查问卷》中的一般情况、亚健康评定量表（ SHMS V1.0）两部分内容对其进行调查。最终纳入问卷回收且有效的居民8326例（广东省3772例，安徽省1082例，天津市3472例），问卷有效回收率为83.3%。比较不同一般情况居民的SHMS V1.0得分，并采用多元线性回归分析探讨其影响因素。结果城镇居民的生理亚健康（PS）、心理亚健康（MS）、社会亚健康（SS）子量表及总量表（TS）得分分别为（72.1±13.0）、（66.0 ± 14.9）、（63.9 ± 15.9）、（67.9 ± 12.1）分。除不同性别居民的SS子量表得分、不同个人月收入居民的PS子量表得分，其他不同地区、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度、就职情况、个人月收入、日均工作时间居民的PS、MS、SS子量表及TS得分比较，差异均有统计学意义（ P﹤0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示，地区、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、就职情况、个人月收入及日均工作时间对居民TS的影响有统计学意义（ P﹤0.05）。结论我国三省市城镇居民的亚健康状况处于中度水平，影响因素包括地区、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、就职情况、个人月收入及日均工作时间。