Objective To investigate the awareness and utilization of social resources among schizophrenia patients and their family members in Beijing urban communities,and to analyze the influencing factor of the awareness and utilization of social resources among schizophrenia patients and their family members. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select 6 community health service centers from 6 urban districts of Beijing city from January to March in 2016,the 6 community health service centers were from 6 urban districts respectively. The caregivers of schizophrenia patients who were registered and long - term managed in the community health service centers,and the general practioners(GPs)who managed the schizophrenia patients,were selected as study subjects by random number table method. The self - designed Social Resource Awareness and Utilization Questionnaire was used to investigate the caregivers of schizophrenia patients,the GPs were served as investigator,a total of 111 questionnaires were issued,and 107 qualified questionnaires were recovered,the effective recovery rate was 96. 4% . The GPs were interviewed according to the interview outline,the content of interview included factors influencing the awareness and utilization of social resources among schizophrenia patients and their family members,the interview time ranged from 30 min to 40 min. Results The items which got relative high awareness rate and utilization rate of social resources included " patients can receive free psychotropic drugs" " the schizophrenia patients can handle disability certificate" " patients can undergo a medical examination in the community health service center(station)(1 time per year)" " as disabled persons,patients can take public transport and visit tourist attractions without charge" " Beijing residents′ minimum living security". The items which got relative low awareness rate and utilization rate of social resources included " patients can obtain Beijing city support for destitute persons" " patients′ children can apply for Beijing one - child disabled family special support policy" " the children in the patients′ family can get tuition relief or assistance in the course of education" " patients can stay in Beijing social welfare institutions for the disabled",rehabilitation,employment and labor. The factors from social resources themselves influencing the awareness and utilization of social resources included inadequate publicity of resources,lack of related training among staff, insufficient strength of resource support,and factors from patients and their family members included does not meet the application conditions,caregivers have no time and energy to look for resources,the sense of shame due to illness. Conclusion Schizophrenia patients and their family members have lower rate of the awareness and utilization of social resources,because of the influence coming from society,community,and family of schizophrenia patients. The improvement of the awareness and utilization of social resources among schizophrenia patients and their family members could be achieved by approaches at three operational levels( society,community and family). At the society level,the role of social guidance and the protection mechanism should be improved,propaganda should be conducted widely,social media should pay more attention to schizophrenia patients and their family members;the community should cooperate with propaganda,implement the policy,simplify the application procedures,and improve the service category and quality;The patients and their family members should improve their cultural level,and face the disease with an active attitude.%目的：调查北京市城市社区精神分裂症患者及家庭对社会资源的知晓和利用情况，分析患者和家庭对社会资源知晓及利用的影响因素。方法于2016年1—3月，采用简单随机抽样法，在北京市6个城区各选择1家社区卫生服务中心，采用随机数字表法选择在社区卫生服务中心建档并长期管理的精神分裂症患者的照顾者及参与患者管理的全科医生作为调查对象。由全科医生采用自行设计的《社会资源知晓及利用情况调查表》对精神分裂症患者的照顾者进行调查，共发放问卷111份，有效回收107份，有效回收率为96.4%。制定访谈提纲，就精神分裂症患者及家庭社会资源知晓和利用的影响因素对全科医生进行访谈，时间为30~40 min。结果精神分裂症患者的照顾者对社会资源知晓率及利用率较高的为“患者可接受免费精神药品治疗”“患者作为精神类残疾可办理残疾证”“患者可在社区卫生服务中心（站）接受健康体检（1次/年）”“患者作为残疾人可免费乘坐公共交通工具及游览景点”“北京市居民最低生活保障”等。精神分裂症患者的照顾者对社会资源知晓率及利用率较低的为“患者可获得北京市城市特困人员供养”“患者子女可申请北京市独生子女伤残家庭特别扶持政策”“患者家庭中的子女在受教育过程中得到减免学杂费或获得补助”“患者可入住北京市残疾人社会福利机构”，以及康复、劳动就业各方面。影响照顾者对社会资源知晓及利用的资源因素主要有资源宣传不足、工作人员未进行相关培训、资源支持力度不足，患者及家庭因素主要有不符合申请条件、照顾者无时间及精力寻找资源、病耻感。结论由于社会、社区、家庭各方面的影响，精神分裂症患者及家庭对多数社会资源的知晓和利用率较低。提高精神分裂症患者及家庭对社会资源的知晓及利用，应从社会、社区和家庭3个层面展开。充分发挥社会导向作用，完善保障机制，广泛宣传，倡导社会舆论关注和关爱精神分裂症患者及家庭；社区需配合舆论宣传，落实政策，简化申请手续，完善相关服务，提高服务质量；患者及家庭应提高文化素养，用积极的心态面对疾病。
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