睡眠障碍与糖尿病的关系及其对糖代谢的影响研究进展

摘要

睡眠障碍对糖代谢的影响日益引起人们的关注.研究显示,睡眠障碍特别是睡眠时间缩短与糖代谢密切相关,并且其对胰岛素敏感性的影响尤为明显.睡眠障碍所引起的糖代谢异常,或许是今后糖尿病患者预防和治疗的重要靶点.本文回顾了睡眠障碍与糖尿病的关系、睡眠障碍对血糖水平及胰岛素抵抗的影响,分析了睡眠障碍所致下丘脑功能改变以及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴、下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴异常与糖代谢的关系.得出了睡眠障碍所致神经内分泌功能改变是其影响糖代谢的潜在机制,为该部分糖尿病患者的预防与治疗提供了新的方向,具有重要的临床意义.%Effects of sleep disorder on the glucose metabolism have increasingly aroused people's concern.Studies have shown that sleep disorder,especially sleep time shortening,is closely related to glucose metabolism,and has significant influence on insulin sensitivity.The abnormal glucose metabolism caused by sleep disorder maybe the important targets of future diabetes prevention and treatment.The paper reviews the relationship between sleep disorder and diabetes,effect of sleep disorder on levels of blood glucose and insulin resistance,and analyzes the changes of hypothalamic activity induced by sleep disorder,and the relations of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis abnormities and glucose metabolism.It is concluded that the changes of neuroendocrine activity caused by sleep disorder are the potential mechanism of glucose metabolism,which provides a new direction for the prevention and treatment of these diabetic patients,and has important clinical significance.