5年住院慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者合并症调查与死因分析

摘要

Objective:To explore the effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in patients with major complications (cardiovascular disease, diabetes,cancer,osteoporosis,anxiety).Method:Five hundred and fourteen cases of our COPD patients from May 2008 to May 2013 were reviewed and analyzed. Result:There were 455 patients out of 514 patients had different complications.The COPD patients had cardiovascular system complications accounted for 72.0%, the one had diabetes accounted for 50.0%,the one had osteoporosis accounted for 62.0%,the one had anxiety accounted for 15.0%and the one had lung cancer accounted for 12.0%.From the study,98.0%(445 cases) of the patients had 1 or more complications,85.0%(386 cases) of the patients had 2 or more complications, 40.0%(182 cases) of the patients had 3 or more complications,18.0%(82 cases) of the patients had 4 or more complications and 9.0%(41 cases) of the patients had 5 complications.In the past 5 years,29 patients out of 162 patients died from moderate COPD.The most common cause of death was lung cancer(45.0%), cardiovascular diseases (28.6%).Severe and very severe in 133 cases COPD patients,the most common cause of death was respiratory failure (48.0%). Conclusion:The complications are very common in COPR patients.The causes of COPD death were differentiated from different disease severities.%目的：了解慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)住院患者主要合并症(心血管疾病、糖尿病、肺癌、骨质疏松症、焦虑症)情况。方法：回顾性分析笔者所在医院2008年5月-2013年5月收治的514例住院COPD患者的临床资料。结果：514例患者存在合并症的为455例，无合并症为59例。其中心血管系统合并症占72.0%，糖尿病占50.0%，骨质疏松症占62.0%，焦虑症占15.0%，肺癌占12.0%。同时存在1种及以上合并症的占98.0%(445例)，存在2种及以上合并症的占85.0%(386例)，存在3种及以上合并症的占40.0%(182例)，存在4种及以上合并症的占18.0%(82例)，存在5种合并症的占9.0%(41例)。5年内死亡的162例患者中轻中度COPD患者29例，最常见的死亡原因是肺癌(45.0%)、心血管系统疾病(28.6%)。重度、极重度COPD患者133例，最常见的死亡原因是呼吸衰竭(48.0%)。结论：合并症在COPD患者中非常普遍存在，不同严重程度COPD其主要死亡原因不同。