合川区煤矿作业人群健康状况调查与行为干预

摘要

Objective:To study the healthy conditions of coal miners in Hechuan area,so as to provide scientific basis for designing prevention and health education measures. Method:Using stratified sampling method,totally 4000 coal miner who had health examination in Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hechuan area were selected as study group,3600 workers without coal mines were selected as control group,and questionnaire was used in both groups. Result:Prevalence rate of study group was 59.33%and the control group was 47.06%,the difference was statistically significant(χ²=163.58,P<0.01). Conclusion:The health status of coal miners is significantly lower than that of the general population,and long time working in coal may increase the risk of diseases of coal miner’s. In order to reduce the harm to coal miner’s health,it is suggested that the relevant departments shall carry behavioral intervention and strengthen the consciousness of precautions.%目的：分析2011-2012年合川区煤矿企业煤矿工人健康状况，为制定煤矿作业人群健康保健的预防行为干预措施提供科学依据。方法：采用分层抽样，以合川区2011-2012年度参与体检的煤矿作业工人为研究组，同时以同年度当地医院体检中心非煤矿作业工人为对照组，分别进行问卷调查。结果：研究组4000人份煤矿工人体检结果中59.33%(2373/4000)患有不同程度的疾病，对照组3600人份体检结果中47.06%(1694/3600)患有不同程度的疾病；两组患病率比较差异有统计学意义(字2=163.58，P<0.01)。结论：合川区煤矿作业人群健康状况低于一般人群，煤矿作业环境较差，随着煤矿作业人群在煤矿工作年限的增加，患疾病的风险逐渐增加。建议相关部门对煤矿作业人群增加健康体检频率、开展健康教育的行为干预，加强煤矿作业人群自我防范意识，确保身体健康少受伤害。