冠状动脉左前降支慢性完全闭塞病变中侧支循环与心肌存活的心肌放射性核素显像研究

摘要

目的:评价冠状动脉侧支循环与心肌存活在冠状动脉左前降支慢性完全闭塞病变中的作用.方法:研究纳入101例于我院临床确诊为冠状动脉左前降支慢性完全闭塞病变患者,其中男性86例,女性15例,平均年龄(59.92±11.43)岁.所有患者均行99mTc-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)心肌灌注显像和门控18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)心肌代谢显像,且在前后3个月内接受过冠状动脉造影.将心肌灌注图像与心肌代谢显像进行同机重建,使用QPS软件分别得到静息灌注总积分(SRS)、总灌注缺损面积(TPD)、心肌灌注/代谢不匹配(存活心肌)面积、心肌灌注/代谢匹配(无存活心肌)面积,利用QGS软件对心肌代谢图像进行分析,得到左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、左心室射血分数(LVEF).根据冠状动脉造影结果分为有侧支循环组(n=39)、无侧支循环组(n=62),比较两组之间SRS、TPD、心肌灌注/代谢不匹配面积、心肌灌注/代谢匹配面积、门控心功能参数(LVEDV、LVESV、LVEF)之间的差异;进一步根据患者有无陈旧性心肌梗死、左前降支慢性完全闭塞部位各分为4个亚组,比较上述各项参数的差异,从而探讨侧支循环在其中的作用.结果:患者中有侧支循环组39例(38.61%),无侧支循环组62例(61.39%);两组静息灌注总积分[(21.23±9.68)vs(28.56±8.76)]、灌注异常面积(30.03±13.69)%vs(40.37±12.50)%相比,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05).有侧支循环组心肌灌注/代谢不匹配面积(21.77±13.12)%、心肌灌注/代谢匹配面积(8.28±8.58)%,与无侧支循环组灌注/代谢不匹配面积(13.66±9.23)%、灌注/代谢匹配面积(27.40±12.97)%相比,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05).两组LVEDV[(109.82±30.01)mlvs(173.71±57.69)ml]、LVESV[(62.82±22.39)mlvs(122.53±51.66)ml]、LVEF[(43.85±8.46)%vs(31.03±8.30)%]相比,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05).结论:本研究初步发现,对于冠状动脉左前降支慢性完全闭塞病变的患者,冠状动脉侧支循环可以维持左心室静息心肌血流灌注、维持心肌存活、保护左心室心功能.%Objective: To assess the effect of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) on myocardial viabilityin patients with chronic total occlusion of left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Methods: A total of 101 consecutive patients with confirmed diagnosis of total LAD occlusion in our hospital were enrolled. Rest 99mTc-MIBISPECT myocardial perfusion and 18F-FDG PET were performed, in addition all patients received coronary angiography (CAG) at 3 months front and back. Both images were reconstructed in the same machine and QPS software was used to obtain the summed rest score (SRS), abnormal resting total perfusion defect (TPD), viable and non-viable myocardium, LVEDV, LVESV and LVEF in relevant patients. Based on CAG result, the patients were divided into 2 groups: CCC group, n=39 and No CCC group, n=62; according to existing old myocardial infarctionand location of LAD occlusion, the patients were further divided into 4 subgroups. The above parameters were compared among different groups. Results: There were 86 male and 15 female patients with the mean age at (59.92±11.43) years. Relevant parameters in CCC group and No CCC groupwere as in SRS: (21.23±9.68) vs (28.56±8.76), TPD: (30.03±13.69) %vs (40.37±12.50) %, viable myocardium: (21.77±13.12) % vs (13.66±9.23) %, non-viable myocardium (8.28±8.58) %vs (27.40±12.97) %, all P<0.05; in LVEDV: (109.82±30.01) ml vs (173.71±57.69) ml, LVESV: (62.82±22.39) ml vs (122.53±51.66) ml, LVEF: (43.85±8.46) % vs (31.03±8.30) %, all P<0.05. Conclusion: Our preliminary study found that CCC could maintain left ventricular rest perfusion, myocardial viability and protect cardiac function in patients with chronic total LAD occlusion.