木通科植物的化学分类

摘要

木通科为双子叶植物纲中较原始的一个小科，多为寡种属和单种属，主要分布于东亚地区。我国共有7属29种，其中很多种为传统的药用植物。本文简要综述木通科植物近几十年的化学研究状况，并从化学分类学的角度探讨木通科属间和与其近缘科之间的系统关系。结果表明齐墩果烷型三萜皂甙作为木通科的特征化学成分在该科的系统分类中具有一定的意义。齐墩果烷型三萜皂甙不仅提示木通科与毛茛科的毛茛亚科的系统联系，而且甙元骨架的氧化水平与科内各属的系统进化也有一定的相关性。%The Ladizabalaceae is a relatively primitive small family in the Dicotyledoneae. It is composed mainly of monotypic and oligotypic genera and is distributed mainly in eastern Asia. There are 29 species of 7 genera in China, some of which are used as traditional herbs. Based on the brief summary of taxonomic and chemical research results, the present paper discusses the chemotaxonomy of this family. It is noticed that oleanane triterpenoidal saponins are characteristic constituents of this family and have taxonomic significance. The distribution of triterpenoidal saponins in the plants of Ladizabalaceae suggests the phylogenetic relation between Lardizabalaceae and Ranunculoideae of Ranunculaceae. Moreover, the oxidative level of triterpenoidal aglycone may also imply evolutionary relations among the genera of the family.