不同发泡体系氯丁橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶发泡材料的性能

摘要

Four kinds of chloroprene rubber/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer foam materials were prepared with the different foaming systems, including zodicarbonamide (AC), 4,4′-oxybis-(benzene sulfonyl hydrazide) (OBSH), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and AC/NaHCO3.The bubble pore structure was analyzed, and the compression feature, energy absorption characteristics, dynamic and static stiffness ratio of the foaming materials were investigated.The results showed that the average size of bubble pore of the foaming materials from large to small was AC, AC/NaCO3, NaHCO3 and OBSH.The maximum torque of compound with AC was the smallest, and the density of compound with OBSH was smallest but the biggest expansion ratio.The tensile strength and hardness of foam materials were positively correlated with pore size, while the elongation at break was negatively correlated.During the compression process of rubber foam material, linear elastic region exhibited gradually narrow trends along with the increase of the average pore diameter.When strain capacity remained unchangeable, energy absorption ability of foaming materials increased along with the pore size increase of foam materials.When AC was used as foaming agent, the dynamic and static stiffness of foam materials was closed to 1, the damping performance was perfect.%分别选用发泡剂偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)、4,4′-氧代双苯磺酰肼(OBSH)、碳酸氢钠(NaHCO3)及复合发泡剂AC/NaHCO3制备氯丁橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶发泡材料,分析了它们的泡孔结构,考察了发泡材料的硫化特性、物理机械性能、压缩性能、能量吸收性能及减震性能.结果表明,发泡材料的平均孔径从大到小依次为使用发泡剂AC、AC/NaHCO3、NaHCO3及OBSH所制备者.使用发泡剂AC时混炼胶的最大转矩最小,以OBSH为发泡剂时的密度最小而发泡倍率最大.发泡材料的拉伸强度和硬度与孔径呈现正相关性,而扯断伸长率则相反,压缩过程中的线性弹性区域随平均孔径的增大呈现变窄的趋势.当应变一定时,发泡材料的吸能能力随孔径的增大而增强.以AC作发泡剂时发泡材料的动静刚度比最接近1,其减震性能最好.