PP/纳米蒙脱土复合材料炭层结构对阻燃性能的影响

摘要

采用熔融插层法制备了不同纳米蒙脱土含量的聚丙烯(PP)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)和PP/无机蒙脱土(MMT)复合材料,且评价了复合材料的阻燃性能:采用数码相机、扫描电子显微镜观察了燃烧残余物结构.加入OMMT可显著提高PP/OM MT的阻燃性能:纯PP的热释放速率(HRR)峰值为1 337.59 kW/m2;w(OMMT)分别为5%,10%的PP/OMMT的HRR峰值分别为1 035.86,588.27 kW/m2,与纯PP相比,分别降低了22.56%,56.02%:PP/MMT复合材料的阻燃性能提高不明显.PP/OMMT复合材料的燃烧过程中形成的炭层结构对其阻燃性能有重要影响.%The polypropylene/organic montmorillonite(PP/OMMT) and PP/inorganic montmorillonite(MMT) composites having different contents of nano-OMMT and nano-MMT were prepared with melt intercalation method. The nanocomposites' flame retardancy was evaluated by cone calorimeter and their burning residues' structure was observed and recorded by means of scanning electron microscope(SEM) and digital camera. The addition of OMMT could enhance the flame retardancy of PP/OMMT significantly. The heat release rates (HRR) of PP/OMMT containing 5% and 10% OMMT by mass were 1 035.86 kW/m2 and 588.27 kW/m2 respectively, 22.56% and 56.02% down respectively in comparison with 1 337.59 kW/m2 of pure PP. The flame retardancy of PP/MMT did not improve obviously. The structure of char residues formed during combustion had a great impact on the flame retardancy of PP/OMMT nanocomposites.