三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂微胶囊包覆聚磷酸铵阻燃PP的性能

摘要

The authors prepared melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin via in-situ polymerization so as to microencapsulate ammonium polyphosphate(APP). The effect of particle size of APP on properties and morphology of the microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate(MC APP) were studied. Two kinds of MC APP (average particle size of APP was 5 μm and 15 μm, respectively) were added in polypropylene (PP) matrix; properties of the resultant PP/MCAPP flame retardant materials were investigated. The results show that all APP particles with different sizes can be microencapsulated completely by the MF resin and the microencapsulated APP's water solubility decreases drastically. The water resistance and limited oxygen index of the PP/MCAPP composites are improved to a certain extent. The APP with small particle size favors the microencapsulation by the MF resin and facilitates formation of a complete microencapsulation structure. There exists a strong synergistic effect between APP and MF resin, which can improve the flame retardancy of the PP/MCAPP composites. The role of the synergistic effect even gets more significant, especially when the APP particles are not well microencapsulated by the MF resin.%通过原位聚合法制备三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂(MF)徽胶囊包覆聚磷酸铵(APP)粒子,研究了APP粒径对微胶囊化APP(MCAPP)结构与性能的影响.将两种MCAPP(APP平均粒径分别为5,15 μm)添加至聚丙烯(PP)基体中,研究了PP/MCAPP阻燃材料的性能.结果表明:不同粒径的APP均能成功被MF包覆,且包覆后的APP粒子的水溶性均大幅下降.PP/MCAPP阻燃材料的耐渗析性和极限氧指数均得到一定程度的提高.粒径小的APP有利于MF的包覆,包覆结构层更完整.MF和APP有很好的协同作用,在APP包覆不完全的情况下,能更有效地发挥两者的相互作用,提高PP复合材料的阻燃性.