PTFE纤维制备技术的研究进展

摘要

介绍了聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)纤维的结构和物理化学性能；详述了PTFE纤维制备技术,如载体纺丝(湿法纺丝、干法纺丝)、糊料挤出纺丝、熔体纺丝、切割膜裂法等纺丝工艺,比较了各种纺丝工艺的优缺点,载体纺丝法制备PTFE纤维技术较为成熟,可制备线密度较小的纤维；叙述了PTFE纤维在过滤材料、医学材料、密封填料和纺织工业等方面的应用；指出我国PTFE纤维发展的关键是改进及开发新的制备技术,提高PTFE纤维的质量及产量.%The structure and physical and chemical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fiber were introduced. Hie manufacturing techniques for PTFE fiber were described in details, including carrier spinning (wet spinning and dry spinning), paste extrusion spinning, melt spinning, fissure spinning. The advantages and disadvantages of these spinning techniques were compared. Carrier spinning process was a mature technique for PTFE fiber,especially for low-linear density fiber. The application of PTFE fiber was described in the fields of filtration material, medical material, sealing packing and textile industry. It was pointed out that the key to China PTFE fiber development should be the innovation and development of novel manufacturing techniques and the improvement of PTFE fiber quality and output.