利用MMS-2A滚动摩擦磨损试验机研究了水、油和落叶介质作用下轮轨粘着特性,分析了介质工况下砂、氧化铝和研磨块对轮轨增粘效果的影响.结果表明,水、油和落叶介质会使轮轨粘着系数明显下降,相比干态,水、油和落叶介质工况下,轮轨粘着系数分别降低约53％、83％和86％；落叶与水混合物形成良好的润滑剂,此工况下粘着系数最小；3种介质工况下,撒砂、撒氧化铝颗粒和使用研磨块均能提高粘着系数；水和油介质工况下,氧化铝颗粒提高粘着系数最为明显,砂次之,研磨块最差；落叶介质工况下,由于落叶浆较厚,砂颗粒较大,能迅速穿透增大接触面积,故其最为明显,氧化铝次之,研磨块最差.%The adhesion characteristics of the wheel/rail were investigated under the conditions of water, oil, and leaves using a MMS-2A wear testing machine. The effects of sand, alumina particles and abrasive agent on improving adhesion behavior under different conditions were explored and analyzed. Results show that mediums including water, oil, and leaves remarkably decrease the adhesion coefficient of the wheel/rail. Compared with the dry condition, the decrease rates of the adhesion coefficient under water, oil, and leaves conditions are about 53%, 83% , and 86% , respectively. The adhesion coefficient is the smallest under the leaves and water conditions because of the good lubricating capability of the mixture of leaves and water. Sanding, spraying alumina particles, and using abrasive agent all make the adhesion coefficient increase under the conditions of water, oil, and leaves. The effect of improving adhesion of spraying alumina is the best under water and oil conditions and using abrasive agent is relatively poor. The leaves are crushed and thick slurry is formed, and then the bigger sand particles are easier to indent into this layer and increase the contact area. Therefore, the effect of improving adhesion of sanding is the best and using abrasive agent is relatively poor under this condition.
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