基于互联网的运动干预项目--提升大众体育行为的新途径

摘要

A great number of internet‐based physical activity interventions have occurred as the Internet technology development in recent years .For the purpose of introducing contents of these programs and evaluating their efficacies ,this article reviewed 23 empirical studies on the internet‐based physical activity interventions searched in the Medline and Sciencedirect databas‐es(2001—2015) and introduced the main theoretical basis ,effective elements and results of efficacy evaluation of the existing online physical activity promotion interventions .As results indicated ,the health belief model ,the trans‐theoretical model and the social cognitive theory were the most widely used theories in these programs .A theory‐based online physical activity intervention program usually include self‐monitoring ,individualized suggestions and feedback , group discussion and email reminders for exercises or delivery of health‐related information . The short‐term efficacies of these programs have been confirmed ,but results on the long‐term efficacies are still inconsistent .Results of this study might have implications on the develop‐ment and evaluation of similar domestic interventions .%近十几年来，随着互联网技术的发展，以互联网为载体的线上运动干预项目正大量出现。为了介绍目前国外的线上运动干预项目内容及评估其有效性，采用文献研究的方法，检索2001年至今在 Medline和Sciencedirect两大数据库收录的线上运动干预项目文献，筛选出23篇研究报告进行综述。健康信念模型、跨理论模型及社会认知理论是线上运动干预项目最常见的理论模型；主流线上运动干预项目大多包括自我运动行为监控、个性化的运动计划及建议、小组讨论、运动提醒和相关健康知识推送等内容。现有研究支持线上运动干预项目对促进体育行为的短期效果，但其长期效应有待进一步研究验证。