体育锻炼对中学生心理健康的影响：自我效能感的中介作用

摘要

Using SCL‐90 ,the GSES and the revised PARS‐3 scales to measure 1084 middle school students ,applied AMOS validation exercise effect hypothesis model of middle school students'mental health ,for provide theoretical basis to explore the exercise mechanism of men‐tal health .The results showed that 1) Different exercise on middle school students'self‐effica‐cy and mental health effect is different ,six months or more of the same amount of exercise to the mental health effect is the most significant .2 ) Exercise ,self‐efficacy to junior and senior high school students'mental health has negative prediction (R2 = 0 .094 ,P< 0 .05 ) .3 ) Mid‐dle school students'exercise influencing the structural equation model of mental health test of goodness of fit index is good ,the amount of exercise ,exercise perseverance and self‐efficacy af‐fect middle school students'mental health of the path coefficient is 0 .141 .Exercise amount has no significant effect of mental health ,but indirectly affect mental health by improving the self‐efficacy ,and there is intermediary effect in physical activity .It reveals that there is the internal relationship in the middle school students exercise ,self‐efficacy and mental health ,and provides a clear direction for physical training and guidance for high school students .%采用SCL‐90、GSES和修订的PARS‐3量表，对1084名中学生进行测量，运用AMOS验证体育锻炼影响中学生心理健康的假设模型，以期为探索体育锻炼的心理健康机制提供理论依据。结果表明：1）不同体育锻炼对中学生自我效能感、心理健康的效应不同，持续6个月以上中等量的体育锻炼达到的心理健康效应最为显著；2）体育锻炼、自我效能感对不同学段中学生心理健康具有负向预测作用（ r2＝0．094，P＜0．01）；3）中学生体育锻炼影响心理健康结构方程模型检验拟合优度指标良好，体育锻炼量、锻炼坚持性、自我效能感影响中学生心理健康的通径系数为－0．141，其中，体育锻炼量没有显著的心理健康效应，而是通过提高自我效能感间接影响心理健康，自我效能感在体育锻炼影响心理健康的过程中起中介作用。研究从多维度揭示中学生体育锻炼、自我效能感与心理健康的内部关联，以期为中学生体育锻炼和指导提供参考方向。