外出打工经历对农村居民健康的影响

摘要

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of migration on the health of China’s rural residents by the Fixed-effects Logit Model. The dataset spanned 5 years, which collected from the Ministry of Agriculture of China was used in the paper. The one-year lagged migration was taken as the initiated factor on the rural residents’ health, thus the problem of endogeneity between migration and health was solved well. The result shows that migration statistically signifi-cant improving the health of rural residents. The effect is different between male and female. The degree of the impact of migration of female on the health of rural residents is stronger than that of the male counterparts. Furthermore, the level of the effect is increasing when the distance of the migration is longer.%利用农业部农村固定观察点跨期5年的全国性大规模连续跟踪调查数据，本文研究了外出打工对农村居民健康的影响。为了解决横截面数据分析中外出打工与健康变量的内生性问题，本文将上一时期的迁移状况作为下一时期农村居民健康的初始影响因素。使用固定效应Logit模型进行实证分析，剔除了不随年度变化而改变的不可观察的个人特征对估计结果造成的偏差。研究发现，外出打工促进了农村居民的健康水平。外出打工对于农村居民健康的影响效果存在性别差异，外出打工对于女性农村居民健康的促进效应，大于对男性农村居民健康的促进效应。并且，外出打工地点相距家乡越远，则对个体健康的促进效应越大。