Eliminating poverty and realizing harmonious and sustainable development are a sigificant issue facing all humankind today. As a UN agency of global poverty reduction, International Fund for Agricultural Development ( IFAD) is devoted to poverty alleviation throughout the world. IFAD precision poverty reduction effects have aroused worldwide attention. Based on the data of 1356 households from quasi-experimental research design method and field survey conducted by the research group in 7 provinces in China, we firstly constructed the asset index to measure the farmers’ welfare and used the MCA method to calculate the asset index of each household, measuring the poverty status of each household. Then, we used the Diff-in-Diff method to evaluate poverty eradication effects of IFAD projects in rural China. The results show that:(1) the poverty eradication effects of IFAD projects are significant;(2) the effects of IFAD projects are vary in different provinces; ( 3 ) asset index is more robust and objective in assessing precision rural poverty eradication than farmers’ net income. Finally, we put forward relevant policy implications based on the above findings.%消除贫困、实现社会和谐与可持续发展，是全人类面临的一个重大课题。作为致力于全球减贫事业的联合国专门机构-国际农业发展基金( IFAD)，其中国农村扶贫项目精准脱贫效果如何备受关注。本文采用准实验研究设计方法，基于课题组在我国7省开展的IFAD项目区实地调研的1356份的农户问卷数据，首先构建了基于农户资产福利状态的资产指数体系，并结合多重对应分析法计算各指标的权重，以此对农户的贫困状态进行了测度。然后，采用双差分法对IFAD项目的脱贫效果进行了定量评价。结果表明：(1) IFAD扶贫项目的整体脱贫效果明显；(2)IFAD项目脱贫效果在不同省份之间存在差异；(3)在评价农户是否精准脱贫方面，与农民人均纯收入相比较，资产指数具有更好的稳健性和客观性。最后，本文基于上述研究结论，提出了相应的政策含义。
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