纳米纤维素的疏水性及分散性研究进展

摘要

Nanocellulose has a good application prospects in nanocomposite materials because of its large specific surface area,high mechanical strength,high erystallinity,good biocompatibility and other excellent properties.However,the characteristics of strong hydrophilic and easy to be reunited severely limit its application.This review described some methods developed recent years for improving the hydrophobicity and the dispersibility of nanocellulose in water and most organic solvents and their reaction mechanisms and research progresses for improving the hydrophobicity of nanocellulose,such as surface adsorption,esterification,coupling agents and ploymer grafting modifications are the methods and the surface adsorption,cationic modification,TEMPO oxidation,acetylation,coupling agents,ploymer grafting modifications are the methods for improving the dispersibility of nanocellulose.Additionally,both developing direction and application prospect of nanocellulose were introduced and forecasted in this review.%纳米纤维素以其比表面积大、机械强度高、结晶度高、生物相容性好等优异性质在纳米复合材料中具有很好的应用前景,但易于团聚、亲水性极强的特点严重限制了其应用发展.本文综述了近年来提高纳米纤维素疏水性以及在水和大部分有机溶剂中分散性的方法、各方法的反应原理以及研究进展,如表面吸附改性、酯化改性、偶联剂改性和接枝共聚改性来提高其疏水性;表面吸附改性、阳离子改性、TEMPO氧化体系改性、乙酰化改性、偶联剂改性和接枝共聚改性来改善其分散性.同时也展望了纳米纤维素研究的发展方向以及应用前景.