For most of resource-based cities in China,improving ecological environment while promoting economic growth is an important task.Some studies believe that bringing pollution under control may increase compliance cost,and consequently be bad for economic growth.Some studies show that,through innovation offset,environmental regulation can strengthen local product competitiveness that can cover the compliance cost and promote economic growth,while others think that the improvement of environmental standards will help to upgrade the regional industrial structure,and then promote economic growth.To examine how environmental regulation can affect economic growth in China's resource-based cities,on the basis of panel data of resource-based cities during 2004-2014,this paper takes GDP of sample cities as explained variable,operating costs of industrial pollution control equipment as explanatory variable to run an empirical test and evaluate the mediating effect of the proportion of science and technology industry and the proportion of the tertiary industry.The results show that,①controlling industrial pollution in resource-based cities has a significantly positive impact on the total GDP and GDP per capita.②In the positive relationship between environmental regulation and GDP (or per capita GDP),the promotion of the proportion of scientific and technical personnel has played a partial intermediary role;that is,there is a significant innovation compensation effect.③In addition to innovation offset effect,the positive impact of pollution abatement on industrial structure also plays a vital mediating role in the relationship between the two,which is bigger than that of innovation offset.This paper draws the conclusion that why environmental regulation of resource-based cities does not exert adverse impact on economic growth is mainly due to reasons that more economic resources are distributed to the tertiary industry and innovation potential of the manufacturing department has been somewhat stimulated.Therefore,facing the pressure of economic and social sustainable development,to realize the win-win situation between economic growth and environment conservation in resource-based cities,on one hand,we should encourage a forcing mechanism of pollution abatement cost promoting technological progress,further promote the development of innovation driven,and build a diversified industrial system;on the other hand,we should build the bond between resource-based sectors and modern service sector.%对于中国多数资源型城市来说,改善生态环境与促进经济增长是当前面临的重要任务.一些研究认为治理环境污染可能加重“遵循成本”,进而不利于经济增长;也有研究认为环境规制会通过“创新补偿”效应,增进当地产品竞争力,弥补企业成本负担并促进经济增长;此外,还有研究认为环境标准提高有助于区域产业结构升级,进而带动经济增长.为验证中国资源型城市环境规制对经济增长的影响及其传导机制,本文基于2004-2014年资源型城市数据,以样本城市GDP为被解释变量,以工业污染治理设备运行费用为解释变量,进行了面板数据实证分析,并观察了科技行业人员比重和第三产业比重的中介效应.结果显示:①资源型城市工业污染物治理对GDP总量和人均GDP的影响均显著为正;②在环境规制与GDP(或人均GDP)的正向关系中,科技行业人员比重的提升起到了部分中介作用,即存在显著的创新补偿效应;③除了传统观点看到的创新补偿效应,污染治理对产业结构的积极影响也在二者正向关系中有熏要的中介作用,而且比创新补偿效应的作用更显著.本文的结论是,资源型城市环境规制未对经济增长造成不利影响,主要是由于经济资源从效益不佳的工业企业流向了第三产业,同时工业部门自身的创新潜力也已逐步凸显.因此,面对经济社会持续发展的压力,资源型城市要取得经济增长与生态环境的双赢,应当强化污染治理成本对企业技术进步的倒逼机制,进一步实现创新驱动发展,同时要构建多元产业体系,促进资源型行业与现代服务业的有效对接和深度融合.
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