聚乙烯醇／稻草上段粉末复合材料的制备及性能研究

摘要

Composites of poly（vinyl alcohol） （PVA） and upper-section straw powder were prepared by hot pressing. The effects of PVA content, pressing temperature, and pressing time on the tensile properties, bending properties, and hardness of the composites were studied. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the microstructure of the composites. It showed that the tensile strength of the composites obviously increased with increasing content of PVA. If hot pressing temperature and hot pressing time were appropriately increased, the tensile strength of the composites would be improved but the rate of increase was moderate. The hardness of the composites showed non-uniform characteristics and was not affected obviously by material ratio and processing conditions. The tensile strength reached the highest value of 7. 54 MPa, when the content of PVA was 40% and hot pressing was carried out at 140℃ for 14 min.%采用热压法制备了聚乙烯醇（PVA）／稻草上段粉末复合材料，研究了PVA用量、热压温度、热压时间对复合材料拉伸性能、弯曲性能和硬度的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的微观结构进行了表征。结果表明，复合材料的拉伸强度随PVA用量的增加呈现明显的上升趋势，适当提高热压温度和增加热压时间有利于提高复合材料的拉伸强度，但提高幅度不大。复合材料的硬度存在不均匀性，而且受原料配比和加工条件的影响较小。当PVA用量为40％，热压温度为140℃，热压时间为14min，复合材料的拉伸强度最佳为7．54MPa。