构树果实化学成分的分离与鉴定

摘要

目的：对构树果实进行化学成分分离及鉴定。方法：将构树果实的95％乙醇提取物经不同极性溶剂（石油醚、乙酸乙酯）依次萃取，萃取部位再经硅胶柱层析、薄层层析、Sephadex LH-20柱层析和重结晶等方法进行分离纯化，根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据鉴定其化学结构。结果：从各萃取部位中分离鉴定出了11个化合物，分别为化合物1（大黄素甲醚）、2（芹菜素）、3（芹菜素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷）、4（槲皮素）、5（β-胡萝卜苷）、6（胡萝卜苷棕榈酸酯）、7（棕榈酸乙酯）、8（δ-生育酚）、9（亚油酸）、10（叶绿醇）、11（棕榈酸）。其中，化合物2～4、7～11均为首次从构树果实中分离得到。结论：本研究进一步明确了构树果实的化学成分，可为中药楮实子药理活性的物质基础研究提供科学依据。%OBJECTIVE:To separate and identify the chemical constituents of Broussonetia papyrifera fruits. METHODS:95% ethanol extracts from B. papyrifera fruits were extracted with different polar solvents as aether petroleum and ethyl acetate in turn. The extract parts were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods including silica gel,ODS,Sephadex LH-20 and recrystallization. The chemical structure of them were identified according to physiochemical property and spectral data. RE-SULTS:Eleven compounds isolated from 95% ethanol extracts were identified as compound 1(physcion),compound 2(apigen-in),compound 3(apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside),compound 4(quercetin),compound 5(β-daucosterol),compound 6(dau-costerol palmitate),compound 7(palmitic acid ethyl ester),compound 8(δ-tocopherol),compound 9(linoleic acid),compound 10 (phytol) and compound 11 (palmitic acid). Compound 2-4 and compound 7-11 were all isolated from B. papyrifera fruits for the first time. CONCLUSIONS:The study further confirms the chemical constituents of B. papyrifera fruits,and can provide scientific evidence for material base of pharmacological activity of B. papyrifera.