基于因子分析法的我国基本药物采购政策实施影响因素研究

摘要

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for evaluating the new round of essential medicine bidding and purchase policy in China,ensuring the stability of essential medicine supply and improving national essential medicine system.METHODS:Based on the theoretical analysis,taking Shanghai and Yunan province as sample,the questionnaire was designed to investigate the difficulty to implement essential drug purchase policy in essential medicine supply system,and the bidding situation evaluation of production enterprises by both sides of local drug bidding among staff in production enterprises,circulation enterprises,primary health care institutions and other institutions.The types of influential factors for the implementation of essential medicine purchase policy were determined finally.Factor analysis method was used to screen the key influential factors.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Four common factors had a great influence on the implementation of essential medicine policy in China.The impact of the large to small is the rationality of the tender procurement program,the standardization of pharmaceutical production,the stability of demand for drug use and macroeconomic policy regulation and protection.It is suggested to further improve the drug recruitment system,select the products that have quality assurance and production specifications,and fully meet the diverse needs of the market,while provide relatively stable usage information for manufacturers.If necessary,"drug purchase with target quantity" of Shanghai model can be forced to carry out by policy so as to ensure that the interests of all parties in the pharmaceutical supply chain are treated fairly.%目的:评价我国新一轮基本药物招标采购政策,为保障我国基本药物供应稳定和完善国家基本药物制度提供参考.方法:在理论分析的基础上设计问卷,选取上海和云南为样本地区,对两地药品生产企业、流通企业和基层医疗卫生机构等相关人员开展调查,了解其在基本药物供应体系中遇到的困难以及当地药品招标采购双方对生产企业投标情况的具体评价,从中得出我国基本药物采购政策实施中各影响因素的类别分布,运用因子分析法筛选关键影响因素.结果与结论:共发现4个公共因子对我国基本药物采购政策的实施有较大的影响,其影响程度由大到小依次为招标采购方案的合理性、药品生产的规范性、药品使用需求的稳定性和宏观政策的调控与保障.建议相关部门进一步完善药品招采制度,遴选出质量保证、生产规范、充分满足市场多样化需求的品种,同时为生产企业提供相对稳定的使用量信息,必要时可通过政策强制推行上海模式的“带量采购”,以此保证药品供应链中各方的利益诉求得到公平对待.