水下全电采油树生产阀门及执行机构设计研究

摘要

液动控制采油系统在远距离控制方面存在控制成本高、高压控制油液传输困难及控制油液泄漏等弊端.为此,设计了水下全电采油树阀门及执行机构.在介绍全电采油树阀门结构及工作原理的基础上,对全电执行机构和密封机构进行了设计,对闸阀的密封过程进行分析,利用数值计算软件模拟了闸板在动作过程中高压介质对闸板的作用,同时计算了闸板的最大开启力.分析结果表明:全电执行机构采用丝杠螺母作为传动机构,无需依赖传统的液压系统,降低了油液泄漏的风险;闸门与阀体间依靠分体式密封阀座来形成自密封;闸板在开始动作到即将开启的过程中,受到密封阀座的摩擦力最大,所对应的最大开启力为298.5 kN.所得结论可为水下全电采油树的现场应用和优化设计提供参考.%Hydraulic controlled oil production systems have disadvantages such as high cost,difficult high pressure control oil transmission and oil leakage.To address the issue,the subsea all-electric Christmas tree gate valve and actuator are designed.The structure and working principle of the all-electric Christmas tree valve are introduced.The all-electric actuator and the sealing mechanism are designed.The sealing process of the gate valve is analyzed.The numerical simulation software is used to simulate the high pressure medium effect on the gate during operation.The maximum opening force of the gate is calculated.The analysis results show that the all-electric actuator uses the screw nut as the transmission mechanism instead of the traditional hydraulic system,eliminating the risk of oil leakage.From the beginning of the action to the moment of opening,the gate plate suffers the maximum friction force from the sealing seat,and the corresponding maximum opening force is 298.5 kN.The conclusions can provide references for the field application and optimization of subsea all-electric Christmas tree.