晚期早产儿发生率及围生期临床问题分析

摘要

Objective To understand the incidence rate of late preterm infants and clinical problems during perinatal period. Methods By epidemiological investigation,the incidence rate of late preterm infants from January 2012 to De-cember 2013 was analyzed.The late preterm infants and full-term infants were selected as the observation subjects in order to analyze their clinical problems during perinatal period. Results The incidence rate of late preterm infants was 8.15% accounting for 82.34% in all premature infants.Percentage of boy,proportion of newborns with body weight less than 2500 g,incidence rate of neonatal asphyxia, and hospitalization rate in neonatology department after birth in late preterm infant group were all much higher than those in term infant group (P<0.01).Incidence rate of hyperbilirubine-mia,hypothermia,hypoglycemia,anemia,feeding intolerance,infection,transient tachypnea,respiratory distress,and apnea and utilization rate of assisted ventilation in late preterm infant group transferring to neonatology department were all higher than those in the term infant group (P<0.01). Conclusion A high incidence of late preterm infant has been found by the study.Late preterm infant has a higher hospitalization rate in neonatology department and more clinical problems during perinatal period in comparison with those in the term infant group.Clinical management of late preterm infant should be paid attention.%目的：了解晚期早产儿发生率及其围生期临床问题。方法采用流行病学调查方法，分析2012年1月~2013年12月的晚期早产儿的发生率；并将晚期早产儿与足月儿作为观察对象，分析其围生期临床问题。结果晚期早产儿的发生率为8.15%，占全部早产儿的82.34%。晚期早产儿组男孩比例、出生体质量<2500 g的新生儿比例、出生时窒息发生率、出生后新生儿科住院率均明显高于足月儿组(P<0.01)。转入新生儿科的晚期早产儿组高胆红素血症、低体温、低血糖、贫血、喂养不耐受、感染、暂时性呼吸增快、呼吸窘迫、呼吸暂停的发生率以及辅助通气的使用率均明显高于足月儿组(P<0.01)。结论晚期早产儿发生率较高，比足月儿有更高的新生儿科住院率和更多的围生期问题，应重视晚期早产儿的临床管理。