2014年新会区城区蚊种群密度及季节消长的研究

摘要

Objective To master the population distribution,density and seasonal fluctuation of mosquito in the urban-area of Xinhui district in order to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of mosquitoes. Methods From March to December in 2014,4 monitoring habitats was randomly selected in the urban-area of Xinhui District by mosquito-lured lamp and the monitoring was carried out twice per month. Results There were 80 mosquito-lured lamps distributed in total and 846 adult mosquitoes were captured.The dominant mosquito species were Culex fatigans and Culex tritaeniorhynchus accounting for 43.97% and 47.87% respectively.The other major mosquito species included Aedes albopictus and Armigeres subbalbeatus,at the yearly density of 10.6 per lamp.Bimodal pattern was displayed in the seasonal fluctuation cure of mosquito with the peaks appearing in May and August.The constituent ratio of mosquito was not totally the same in different habitats.The dominant species in urban residential area,hospital and peasant household area was Culex fatigans and Aedes albopictus.In the pig farm of wild suburb,Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex fatigans were the dominant species.Among these 4 different habitats,the density of mosquito in pig farm was obviously higher than the other three places. Conclusion Preliminary grasp of population density and seasonal fluctuation in the urban-area of Xinhui District provides a scientific basis for further carrying out system monitoring, mosquito control and prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases.%目的：掌握新会区城区蚊虫种群分布、密度及季节消长的规律，为蚊媒防制提供科学依据。方法于2014年3~12月采用诱蚊灯法在新会区城区随机选取4种监测生境，每月开展2次监测。结果共布放诱蚊灯80盏，共捕获成蚊846只，以致倦库蚊、三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种，分别占捕获总数的43.97豫和47.87%，其他蚊种为白蚊伊蚊、骚扰阿蚊，年平均密度为10.6只/灯。蚊虫季节消长曲线呈双峰型，高峰出现在5月和8月。不同的生境类型蚊种构成比不尽相同，城内居民区、医院、农户以致倦库蚊、白蚊伊蚊为优势种，野郊猪场则以三带喙库蚊、致倦库蚊为优势种。在4种不同的生境类型中，猪场蚊密度显著高于其他场所。结论初步掌握了新会区城区蚊虫种群的密度及季节消长规律等情况，为进一步开展系统监测、蚊虫防制和蚊媒疾病预防控制提供了科学依据。