溜井运输中悬拱产生的机理及解决对策

摘要

针对地下矿山溜井运输中悬拱导致溜井堵塞的问题,分析了悬拱现象产生的机理,认为矿岩颗粒之间的内摩擦力和细颗粒的黏结阻力的大小是溜井产生悬拱根本原因.溜井中矿岩的最大块度尺寸与溜井直径的匹配关系、黏结性粉矿含量、含水率的高低以及溜井直径的大小对悬拱的产生影响重大,矿岩下落时对溜井中物料的夯实和物料的重力压实作用增强了粗细颗粒之间的咬合力、内摩擦力和黏结力.从设计与使用管理两个方面提出了防止溜井悬拱产生的一系列措施,并给出了常见的溜井疏通方法.%Aiming at the problems of blockage of ore-pass transportation in underground mine caused by hanging-up arch, the mechanism of hanging-up phenomena was analyzed.It is considered that the fundamental cause of a hanging-up arch generated in ore-pass is the size of the internal friction between ore and rock particles and the adhesion resistance of fine particles.The following factors play a very important role on hanging-up arch generating, these are the matching relationship between the maximum block size of ore and rock in the ore-pass and the diameter of the ore pass, the content of cohesive powder minerals, the rate of water content of minerals and the size of the diameter of ore pass.Meanwhile, the interlocking force, internal friction and the cohesive force between the coarse and fine particles is enhanced by the action of impact compaction on the surface of material in the orepass when the ore block is falling down and the gravity compaction of material in the orepass.A series of measures on preventing the hanging-up arch generated in ore-pass are proposed from two aspects of the design and the management of ore-pass.It also gives out the common method on the dredging of orepass.