煤矸石山酸性废水污染控制技术研究进展

摘要

With the rapid development of coal mining industry and the continuous accumulation of coal gangue,the pollution of acidic wastewater from coal gangue has been paid extensively attention to scholar at home and abroad.The acidic wastewater from coal gangue was characterized with higher acid and heavy metal.In this paper,the environmental hazard and the characteristic of acidic wastewater from coal gangue were introduced,the principles,advantages and disadvantages,and current development statues of acidic wastewater treatment method were summarized.The focus was on the discussion of the technical bottlenecks for each method.Some key parameters were provided for the selection,application,research and development of acidic wastewater treatment technology.Finally,it proposes that the hybrid of processing technology, control of source oxidation and resource utilization of coal gangue will be the major development direction of solving the problem of acidic wastewater pollution from coal gangue.%采煤业的迅猛发展导致煤矸石不断堆积，由煤矸石山产生的酸性废水污染受到了国内外学者的广泛关注。本文在分析煤矸石山酸性废水特点和环境危害的基础上，针对煤矸石山酸性废水酸度大和重金属含量高的问题，简述了矿山酸性废水处理方法的原理和优缺点，分析了不同处理方法的发展现状和技术瓶颈，为煤矸石山酸性废水处理技术的选择、应用和研发提供了关键参数。最后提出技术的耦合联用、源头的氧化控制和煤矸石的资源化减量将是今后解决煤矸石山酸性废水污染问题的重点发展方向。