球面滑履冷挤压工艺的数值模拟分析与研究

摘要

球面滑履由于其薄壁球面特殊结构特点,成形过程金属流动比较复杂,通过对数值模拟分析其成形的可行性,结果发现一次成形虽然能实现滑履成形,但其挤压时平均应力超过模具钢强度极限,而且一次成形球面变形量大,成形后回弹严重而影响零件球面精度,因此采用预成形和整形两次成形工艺来减小挤压时平均应力和变形量.最后通过工艺实验进行论证,改进后两次成形工艺方案合理,保证了成形件的尺寸精度,同时大大降低挤压力,有效保护模具,并大大缩短工艺实验周期,对该零件的生产应用具有重要的指导意义.%The spherical slippery footstep is of thin-walled spherical structure with complicated metal flow during forming process.The numerical simulation analysis has been conducted to the feasibility of forming process.The results show that although one-step forming can realize the slippery footstep,the mean stress exceeds die steel limit,not mention the big deformation value which can cause serious spring back and influence the part spherical accuracy.So the two-step forming technology including pre-forming and finalforming has been adopted to reduce the mean stress and deformation during extrusion.Finally,the two-step forming technology has been proved to be reasonable by use of technical process experiment.Thus in this way,the dimension accuracy of the part has been ensured and the extrusion force has been reduced greatly,which effectively protect the die and greatly shorten the technical process experiment cycle.It provides important guiding reference for the production application of this kind of parts.