临床标本中金黄色葡萄球菌的分布情况及其耐药性分析

摘要

目的 了解金黄色葡萄球菌感染及耐药情况,为合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据.方法 对106株自临床标本分离的金黄色葡萄球菌进行分析,菌株鉴定采用法国生物梅里埃公司提供的VITEK32全自动微生物鉴定仪,药敏试验采用K-B纸片扩散法.结果 106株金黄色葡萄球菌中有60株(56.60％)来自呼吸道分泌物,25株(23.58％)来自伤口分泌物；从科室分布来看,以ICU为主,占48例(45.28％)；金黄色葡萄球菌对多种抗菌药物呈普遍耐药,而对万古霉素、呋喃妥因、利奈唑胺的敏感率为100％,对复方新诺明的耐药率为10.38％(耐药菌株为11株)；检出耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA) 82株,检出率为77.36％,MRSA对抗菌药物的耐药率均高于甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌.结论 金黄色葡萄球菌对多种抗菌药耐药率高,应规范临床用药,加强MRSA耐药性检测,隔离MRSA感染者,防止医源性传播.%Objective To investigate the antibiotic resistance and nosocomial infections status of Staphylococcus aureus(SAU) in clinical and conduct clinical medication.Methods A retrospective review was performed to analyze the clinical distribution of 106 isolates of SAU.The strains were identified by using the automatic microorganism analyzer VITEK-32.Drug susceptibility was performed by K-B method.Results Totally 60 strains SAU were isolated from respiratory secretions (56.60％),and 25 strains from wound secretions(23.58％ ).ICU was the main infected department (48 cases,45.28％ ).SAU showed multi-drug resistance to many kinds of antibiotics,while all isolates of SAU were sensitive to vancomycin,linezolid,and furadantin.The resistant rate to Trimethoprim/sulfa was 10.38％,resistan strains were 11.From 106 strains of SAU 72 strains of MRSA were detected,the rate was 77.36％,The drug resistance to antibiotics in MRSA were all higher than those in MSSA.Conclusions SAU is still highly resistant to many antibiotics.It is essential to strengthen the isolation measures and make reasonable use of antibiotics in order to control MRSA infections.