足月胎膜早破相关因素及对母婴结局的影响

摘要

Objective To explore related influencing factors of premature rupture. Methods 221 pregnant women who gave birth in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were collected. 101 pregnant women with premature rupture of full-termmembranes were set as the observation group and 120 pregnant women without premature rupture of full-term membranes were set as the control group.The clinical data of pregnant womenin two groups were collected.Univariate Logistic regression analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were carried out to analyze the related factors affecting the premature rupture of full-term membranes, and the maternal and infant outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results There were statistically significant differences between the observation group and the control group in previous history of induced abortion/induced labor, chronic cough, sexual intercourse, trauma history, fetal position, reproductive tract infectionand giant baby (P < 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that previous history of induced abortion/induced laborfor more than 2 times, reproductive tract infection and abnormal fetal position were independent factors influencing the occurrence of premature rupture of the full-term membrane.Cesarean section rate, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal pneumonia and puerperal infection rate in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion For pregnant women with high risk factors forpremature rupture of full-term membranes, they should strengthen supervision and timely take targeted measures to reduce the incidence of premature rupture of full-term membranes and reduce the adverse effects on mothers and infants.%目的 探讨足月胎膜早破的相关影响因素.方法 选取2015年1月～2017年12月在我院分娩的孕妇221例, 其中101例足月胎膜早破孕妇为观察组, 120例非胎膜早破孕妇为对照组.收集两组孕妇的临床资料, 对影响足月胎膜早破的相关因素进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析, 并比较两组母婴结局差异.结果 观察组和对照组在既往人工流产/引产史、有无慢性咳嗽、性交、外伤史等、胎位、有无生殖道感染、是否巨大儿等方面差异均有统计学意义 (P <0.05) ;多因素Logistic回归分析显示, 既往人工流产/引产≥2次、生殖道感染、胎位异常是足月胎膜早破发生的独立影响因素;观察组剖宫产率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、新生儿肺炎及产褥感染率均高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义 (P <0.05) .结论 对具有胎膜早破高危因素的孕妇, 应加强监护, 及时采取针对性措施, 以降低足月胎膜早破发生率, 减少对母婴的不良影响.