血站护士职业暴露原因分析及预防控制措施

摘要

Objective To investigate the causes of nurses occupational exposure of blood bank,and risk analysis on blood flow to find control points,to develop security measures and prevent or reduce the incidence of occupational exposure. Methods 24 nurses were investigated voluntarily through questionnaire in blood-bank. Results Number of occupational exposure to 79.2%,including needle stick injuries and hard impact injury 57.9%,blood treatment and centrifugation broken bags of blood leak 42.1%;work time < 3 years 15 cases,accounting for 78.9%;21.1%occurred secondary exposure who had worked<3 year. Conclusion Blood stations nurses is an important group of occupational exposure,the implementation of specific measures of prevention and control of occupational exposure to prevent blood infections infectious diseases,is indispensable work for blood stations nurse who must take seriously.%　　目的探讨血站护士职业暴露的原因，对采血流程进行危险性分析，找出控制点，制定出安全防护措施，避免或减少职业暴露的发生。方法对血站24名护士进行自愿问卷调查。结果发生职业暴露人数为79.2%。其中被针头刺伤和硬物撞击伤为57.9%，处理血液和离心破袋渗漏42.1%；工作时间＜3年的15人，占78.9%；二次发生暴露21.1%，均为工作年限＜3年的护士。结论血站护士是职业暴露的重要人群，实施职业暴露预防与控制具体措施，防止血行性感染传染病的发生，是血站护士必须重视和不可缺少的工作。