目的：调查分析精神科住院患者抗菌药物使用情况，进一步探讨抗菌药物的使用对精神疾病患者的影响，为合理应用抗菌药物提供数据参考。方法回顾分析本院2012年1～12月精神科（包含男区，女区，心身科）2061例出院患者临床病历资料，统计分析我科室住院患者抗菌药物使用情况。结果2061例患者中有248例使用抗菌药物治疗，占总例数的12.0%；2061例患者中22例患者出现感染，占总例数的1.1%，其中主要感染多病发于呼吸道、胃肠道等部位；248例患者中61例（24.6%）为预防性使用抗菌药物，181例（73.0%）为治疗中给予抗菌药物；最为常用的抗菌药物为β-内酰胺类占总数的41.1%（102例），大环内酯类为29.8%（74例），喹诺酮类为16.5%（41例）。结论我院在精神科患者中使用抗菌药物仍存在用药合理性不足，对此，要加强医院医护人员医院感染相关知识教育，建立抗菌药物使用管理监督，避免抗菌药物的滥用。%Objective To investigate and analyze usage of antibiotics in psychiatric in-patients to further explore the effect of usage of antibiotics on psychiatric in-patients and provide data reference for the reasonable application of antibiotics.Methods Clinical medical records of 2061 discharged patients who had been admitted to department of psychiatry(including Male Region,Female Region and psychosomatic department)in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed and usage of antibiotics in psychiatric in-patients was statistically analyzed.Results Among 2061 patients, there were 248 cases of usage of antibiotics accounting for 12.0% and 22 cases with infection, accounting for 1.1%.The main infection frequently occurs in the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract.Among 248 patients,there were 61 cases of preventive use of antibiotics accounting for 24.6% and 181 cases of antibiotics for treatment accounting for 73.0%.The most commonly used antibiotics included β-lactam accounting for 41.1%(102 cases),macrolides accounting for 29.8%(74 cases)and quinolones accounting for 16.5%(41 cases).Conclusion Usage of antibiotics of patients in department of psychiatry in our hospital is not reasonable,so we must strengthen education of infection-related knowledge of medical staff in the hospital and establish management and supervision of usage of antibiotics to avoid the overuse of antibiotics.
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