风险评估与干预在酒精所致精神障碍患者中的应用效果分析

摘要

Objective To explore the effect of risk assessment and intervention in application of patients with mental disorder caused by alcohol.Methods 28 patients with mental disorder caused by alcohol who were admitted to the hospital from January 2013 to April 2015 were selected. They were received risk assessment and intervention at the first week and the fourth week after hospitalization. Results of risk assessment and intervention were compared and clinical effect was analyzed.ResultsRisk assessment and intervention included risk of impulsive aggression, falling/ falling out of bed risk, choking risk, pressure ulcer risks of high risk population and suicidal risk. Scores of the first week were(11.83±3.09),(7.33±3.34), (4.86±1.10),(9.37±3.42) and (8.30±2.54) respectively. Scores of the fourth week were (1.25±1.04), (3.67±1.83), (1.10±0.33),(1.03±0.88) and (1.06±1.01) respectively. Differences all had statistical significance when the first week and the fourth week were compared (t=17.171, 5.085, 17.450, 12.497, 14.015,P<0.05). At the same time, subjective assessment, repeated recurrence experience, avoidance symptom and increased alertness scores before intervention were (0.96±0.87), (0.56±0.40), (0.61±0.57) and (0.56±0.44) respectively. Subjective assessment, repeated recurrence experience, avoidance symptom and increased alertness scores after intervention were (2.20±1.35), (1.34±0.76), (1.32±0.87) and (1.32±0.69) respectively. Differences had statistical significance when scores before and after treatment were compared (t=5.603, 6.517, 5.515, 7.034, P<0.05). ConclusionAccurate and effective risk assessment and intervention in application of patients with mental disorder caused by alcohol during hospitalization can effectively decrease or reduce occurrence of patients’ risk events to promote their recovery, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.%目的：探讨风险评估与干预在酒精所致精神障碍患者中的应用效果。方法选择2013年1月~2015年4月医院收治的28例酒精所致精神障碍患者，入院第1周、第4周实施风险评估与干预情况进行对照，并分析临床效果。结果风险评估与干预：冲动攻击行为风险、跌到/坠床风险、噎食风险、高危人群压疮风险、自杀风险，第1周评分分别为（11.83±3.09）、（7.33±3.34）、（4.86±1.10）、（9.37±3.42）、（8.30±2.54）分，第4周评分分别为（1.25±1.04）、（3.67±1.83）、（1.10±0.33）、（1.03±0.88）、（1.06±1.01）分，第1周、第4周比较，差异均有统计学意义（t=17.171、5.085、17.450、12.497、14.015，均P＜0.05）。同时，对其主观评定、反复重现体验、回避症状、警觉性增高运用中，在干预前分别为（0.96±0.87）、（0.56±0.40）、（0.61±0.57）、（0.56±0.44）分，干预后分别为（2.20±1.35）、（1.34±0.76）、（1.32±0.87）、（1.32±0.69）分，干预前、干预后比较，差异均有统计学意义（t=5.603、6.517、5.515、7.034，均P＜0.05）。结论对酒精所致精神障碍患者住院期间实施准确有效的风险评估与干预，可有效减少或降低患者风险事件的发生，促进患者顺利康复，值得在临床中推广应用。