Objective To discuss clinical efficacy of idarubicin and daunorubicin in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Methods Clinical data of 42 cases with acute myeloid leukemia were respectively analyzed, in which, 19 cases were treated with daunorubicin+Ara as daunorubicin group, and 23 cases were treated with idarubicin+Ara as study group. CR, efficiency rate and adverse reactions of two groups were compared. Results CR of idarubicin group was 78.3%, total efficiency was 91.3%, which were higher than daunorubicin group (42.1%and 47.4%)(P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion Compared with daunorubicin+Ara, idarubicin+Ara in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia can improve CR and total efficiency.%目的：比较去甲氧柔红霉素及柔红霉素诱导治疗急性髓系白血病的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析急性髓系白血病患者42例的临床资料，其中19例患者采用柔红霉素+阿糖胞苷治疗为柔红霉素组，23例患者采用去甲氧柔红霉素+阿糖胞苷治疗，为去甲氧柔红霉素组。比较两组的完全缓解率、有效率和不良反应。结果去甲氧柔红霉素组CR 78.3%，总有效率为91.3%，显著高于柔红霉素组的42.1%和47.4%（P＜0.05或0.01）。结论去甲柔红霉素联合阿糖胞苷诱导治疗急性髓系白血病，与柔红霉素联合阿糖胞苷方案比较，能够显著提高完全缓解率及总有效率。
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