对610例药物不良反应的分析

摘要

Objective To understand the characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in our hospital, in order to promote clinical rational drug use. Methods 610 cases of ADR reports in our hospital from October 1, 2001 to October 1, 2011 were selected retrospectively. The drug types of ADRs, administration ways and organ injury induced by ADRs were analyzed descriptively. Results Among 610 cases of ADRs, middle-aged and elderly patients were accounted for 68.85%, antibiotic ADRs were accounted for 59.51%, and ADRs occurring during the course of intravenous administration were accounted for 69.84%. Rashes, dizziness and gastrointestinal reactions were the mainly clinical manifestations of ADRs. Conclusion Based on the characteristics and rules of ADRs, the rational ways of administration should be mastered, the guardianship should be strengthened and effective measures should be taken to monitor and manage ADRs, in order to fully reduce the incidence of ADR.%目的 了解本院药物不良反应(ADR)所体现出的特征,以推动临床合理用药.方法全面回顾本院2001年10月1日～2011年10月1日610份药物不良反应报告,对产生ADR的药物种类、给药方式及药物不良反应所引发的器官损伤予以描述性分析.结果 610例药物不良反应中,中年与老年患者占68.85%,抗生素药物不良反应占59.51%,在静脉滴注给药的过程中出现药物不良反应占69.84%,药物不良反应的临床表现主要是皮疹、头昏和胃肠道反应等.结论要依据ADR出现的特征与规律,合理掌握用药方式,并强化监护环节,运用有效措施加以监测与管理,从而全面降低ADR发生率.