健康教育对糖尿病患者血糖、血脂及血压的影响

摘要

Objective To explore the effect of health education in diabetes on glycemia,blood-lipid and blood pressure.Methods From January 2011 to July 2012 in Department of Geriatrics,the First people's Hospital of Guangzhou City,120 patients diagnosed diabetes were divided to experimental group and control group with 60 cases in each group.Traditional health education was applied in control group,however,systematic health education was applied in experimental group.FBG,PBG,GHbA1c,blood-lipid and blood pressure were compared at pre-education and 12 weeks post-education.Results There were significant statistical differences in FBG,PBG and GHbA1c between pre-education and post-education in both groups (P ＜ 0.05),the levels decreased.Furthermore,FBG,PBG and GHbA1c of experimental group were significantly lower than control group (P ＜ 0.05).On the other hand,TC and LDL-C of experimental group were significantly lower than control group (P ＜ 0.05).Concerning blood pressure,there were no difference in systolic pressure and diastolic pressure not only between pre-education and post-education in both groups,but also between the two groups post-education (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Both traditional and systematic health educations are effective to FBG,PBG and GHbA1c in diabetes,and systematic health education is superior to traditional education.Besides,systematic health education can decrease the level of blood-lipid.%目的 探讨健康教育对糖尿病患者血糖、血脂及血压的影响.方法 选择广州市第一人民医院老年病科2011年1月～2012年7月治疗的糖尿病患者120例,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各60例.对照组采用传统健康教育,试验组采用系统健康教育.观察两组患者教育12周后的空腹血糖(FBG),餐后2h血糖(PBG)、糖化血红蛋白(GHbA1c)、血脂及血压变化情况.结果 两组教育后FBG、PBG和GHbA1c与教育前相比,水平明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);健康教育后两组间FBG、PBG和GHbA1c差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),试验组明显降低.试验组教育后总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)与教育前比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),水平明显下降;教育后试验组和对照组TC和LDL-C差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),试验组明显降低.两组收缩压和舒张压在教育前后差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);教育后收缩压和舒张压在两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 传统健康教育和系统健康教育均能有效的降低患者FBG、PBG和GHbA1c的水平,而系统健康教育更优于传统健康教育,且能更有效地降低血脂水平,比传统教育更有优势.