多重耐药菌医院感染调查及护理对策

摘要

目的：了解多重耐药菌医院感染的临床分布特点并据此提出护理对策。方法采用回顾性调查方法，监测北京医院2011~2013年多重耐药菌医院感染患者临床资料，对多重耐药菌的分布和菌株检出率进行分析。结果2011~2013年多重耐药菌医院感染病例呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.05)；前3位的多重耐药菌依次为金黄色葡萄球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌；多重耐药菌医院感染部位以下呼吸道(62.63%)、泌尿系统(12.11%)和血液(6.05%)最为常见；科室分布主要集中在重症监护室、呼吸科病房、急诊科病房。结论多重耐药菌医院感染呈迅速增加趋势，应延缓耐药菌发展，控制医院感染的发生，有针对性地干预和培训护理工作。%Objective To investigate the clinical distribution of multidrug-resistant pathogens, and provide reference for training nursing staff on infection control. Methods Retrospective survey method was used. The clinical distribution and the prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens during 2011 to 2013 in Beijing Hospital were retrospectively ana-lyzed. Results The study showed the inflected multidrug-resistant pathogens cases increased year by year from 2011 to 2013 (P< 0.05); and the top three pathogens in order were methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, acinetobacter baumannii, pseudomonas aeruginosa. A total of 62.63% pathogens were isolated from lower respiratory tract, followed by urinary system accounted for 12.11%, then blood system accounted for 6.05%. Multidrug-resistant pathogens mainly distributed in the Department of Intensive Care Unit, Respiration and Emergency. Conclusion The infection of mul-tidrug-resistant pathogens showes a rapid increase trend. Relevant departments should minimize the spread of mul-tidrug-resistant pathogens and control nosocomial infection, while take appropriate targeted intervention and training for nurse.