Cancer is one of the most lethal diseases in China.Prevention,early detection and early treatment are the keys to cancer control.Cancer screening relies on techniques such as visualization,radiographic imaging,cancer biomarker measuring,directly or indirectly looking for cancer in people who have no symptoms.Screening can reduce cancer morbidity and mortality,since the treatment of cancer at early stage is less aggressive and more effective.Lung cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer are cancers with the highest morbidity and mortality in China,while abundant evidence suggests that screening and early treatment of these cancers can significantly improve the prognosis of patients.In addition,breast cancer and cervical cancer also have a relatively high incidence in female,and simultaneously with mature screening and prevention methods.According to Chinese national condition,with reference to the cancer screening evidence together with the cancer screening guidelines existed,it is recommended to start the early screening of lung cancer,breast cancer,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,cervical cancer in China.%癌症是中国公民致死率最高的疾病之一,预防、早期诊断和治疗是癌症防控的关键.癌症筛查通过可视化检查、影像学成像或癌症相关生物标志物检测等方式,在尚无癌症症状的人群中检查是否患有癌症,并通过对癌症患者的早期治疗,最终提升癌症患者的生存率.在中国,肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌、结直肠癌等癌症有着较高的发病率和死亡率,而有大量证据表明这些癌症的早期筛查和治疗能显著提升患者的预后;乳腺癌、宫颈癌则在女性中有着一定的发病率,并有着成熟的筛查和预防方法.本文根据中国国情,参照国内外现有癌症筛查的证据、各专业协会的癌症筛查指南,建议展开肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、宫颈癌的早期筛查.
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