碱性鞘磷脂酶与脂类代谢相关疾病的研究进展

摘要

Alkaline sphingomyelinase (Alk-SMase) is the key enzyme for the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin in the digestive tract,which exists in the intestine and human bile.Decreased sphingomyelin hydrolysis and metabolic active products will cause cell proliferation,apoptosis,inflammation and ultimately leading to cancer.Lipid metabolism is an important metabolic process in humans.Alk-SMase and its metabolites can affect the metabolism of phospholipids,cholesterol and triglycerides in the intestine,leading to hepatobiliary diseases,intestinal inflammation and colon tumors.This article will focus on the relationship between Alk-SMase and lipid metabolism,and make a brief review of the research progress of Alk-SMase and lipid metabolism related diseases.%碱性鞘磷脂酶(Alk-SMase)存在于肠道和人的胆汁中,是消化道中水解鞘磷脂的关键酶.鞘磷脂的消化水解作用减弱,代谢活性产物减少,将导致细胞增生、凋亡、炎症等失去调控,最终导致癌症的发生.脂类代谢是人类体内重要的代谢过程,Alk-SMase及其代谢产物也能影响肠道中磷脂、胆固醇和三酰甘油等脂类的代谢,最终导致肝胆疾病、肠道炎症以及结肠肿瘤的发生.本文将重点讨论Alk-SMase与脂类代谢的关系,对近年来Alk-SMase与脂类代谢相关疾病的研究进展作一简要综述.