彩色多普勒超声检测长期服药对精神病患者腹部脏器以及下肢动脉血流的影响

摘要

目的：使用彩色多普勒超声对长期服用抗精神病药物的精神分裂症患者进行检测，观察比较长期服药对精神病患者腹部脏器以及下肢动脉异常的改变。方法：选取200例服用抗精神病药物的精神分裂症患者，按照服药时间将其分为服药＞5年组和服药＜5年组，每组100例；同时选取50名健康志愿者作为正常对照组。使用彩色多普勒超声探查三组受检者的肝脏、胆、肾脏功能状况以及下肢动脉血流的变化，并对其结果进行比较。结果：服药＞5年组腹部彩色多普勒超声检查异常阳性率高于服药＜5年组和对照组，三组相比较差异有统计学意义(x2=3.47，x2=4.02；P＜0.05)，而服药＜5年组与对照组异常阳性率相比较，差异无统计学意义(x2=0.83，P＞0.05)。服药＞5年组和服药＜5年组在单纯性脂肪肝、慢性胆囊炎中的发生率最高，且两组双侧腘动脉内膜厚度均明显厚于对照组；双侧足背动脉、股动脉斑块发生率显著高于对照组，其差异有统计学意义(t=1.43，t=3.21，P＜0.05)。服药＞5年组与服药＜5年组相比较，动脉内膜厚度更厚，动脉斑块发生率更高，两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=1.63，P＜0.05)。结论：彩色多普勒超声检测结果明确显示，长期服用抗精神病药物会对患者肝脏、胆以及下肢动脉血流产生损害。%Objective:To observe the abnormal changes of abdominal viscera and arterial of lower extremity in schizophrenic patients treated with long-term antipsychotics.Methods: 100 schizophrenic patients who used an-tipsychotics for more than 5 years in our hospital were randomly chosen as study group A, and 100 schizophrenic patients who used an-tipsychotics for less than 5 years were randomly chosen as study group B. Meanwhile, we chose 50 cases of healthy volunteers as a control group. In 250 subjects, the structure and function of the liver, gallbladder and kidney, and the changes of the lower extremity arteries were studied with color Doppler ultrasonography.Results:Compared to the study group B and control group, the positive rate of the abdominal ultrasound examination was higher in the study group A, and the difference was statistically significant (x2=3.47,x2=4.02;P<0.05). But there were no differences in the positive rate of the abdominal ultrasound examination between the study group B and control group (x2=0.83,P>0.05). The incidences of fatty liver and chronic cholecystitis were the highest in the two study groups. The study groups A and B of patients with bilateral popliteal artery intima media thickness were significantly thicker than those of the control group, and the bilateral dorsalis pedis artery and femoral artery plaque occurrence rate was higher than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (t=1.43,t=3.21;P<0.05). Compared to the study groups B, the bilateral popliteal artery intima media thickness was higher, while their artery plaque occurrence rate was higher in the study groups A, and the difference was statistically significant (t=1.63,P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of color Doppler ultrasonography shows that schizophrenic patient long-term medication of antipsychotics may damage liver, gallbladder and arterial of lower extremity.