基于层次分析(AHP)法按因素权重对医疗设备分类维修管理的研究

摘要

目的:基于层次分析(AHP)法对医疗设备分类维修管理进行研究,旨在控制医疗设备维修成本,提高维修效率和维修服务水平.方法:对69个基层临床科室及14名维修工程师进行问卷调查,提取评价因素;运用AHP法确定出医疗设备维修的因素权重,据此计算出设备的维修分值,最终将权重值运用到ABC分类法中,分成A、B、C三类并区别管理.结果:根据AHP法对价格因素、使用频率、稳定程度、运行时间、备用因素以及维修难度6个评价因素进行两两评价因素对比的六阶矩阵分析数据,通过综合评分比率得出ABC分类并制订相应的维修保养实施对策,对关键设备进行计划性和预防性维护,对主要设备定期维护,对一般设备做事后维修.2016年下半年该院医疗设备故障率比2015年同期降低30%;外修总费用比2015年同期降低10%,临床科室对设备科工作满意度有所提升.结论:运用AHP法按因素权重分类管理医疗设备维修保养,改变了以往设备维护主次不分、流于形式的问题,将医院有限的维修精力用到关键点,有效地控制了维修损耗,提高了设备科的工作效率和为临床服务水平.%Objective:To control the maintenance cost of medical equipment and improve the efficiency and service level for maintenance, and to research the management about classification maintenance for medical equipment based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP).Methods: 69 clinical department and 14 engineers were involved in the questionnaire survey and the evaluated factors were obtained from their questionnaires. The (AHP) was used to determine what is the factor weight of maintenance for the medical equipment, and then calculate the maintenance scores of the equipment. Finally, the weight scores were applied to ABC classification method and the equipments will be divided into three types (ABC) as this method, and they will be managed by different mode.Results: Depended on the sixth order analysis data from 6 factors of evaluation (price, frequency, stability, running time, standby factor and difficulty of maintenance) that were compared between any two factors by using AHP, through comprehensive scores ratio to got ABC classification and work out relative implement countermeasure of maintenance. The new classification management mode has achieved planning and preventive maintenance for key equipment, regular maintenance for major equipment, and maintenance after event for general equipment. After the method was applied, the fault rate of second half of 2016 year was decrease 30% compared with same time of 2015 year. The total cost of maintenance of 2016 year decreased 10% compared with that of 2015 year. And the satisfaction of clinical department for department of equipment was enhanced.Conclusion: The AHP is applied to classified manage medical equipment and maintain them as weight of factor. This method has resolved many problems on maintenance of equipment, such as confused primary and secondary, and formalism and so on. According to the factor weight of maintenance to manage medical equipment at classification mode, hospital can catch key point of maintenance of equipment, and the maintenance cost can be efficiently controlled, and the work efficiency and clinical service level of equipment department can be improved and enhanced.