基于有限元法和HAM法的转向系统优化

摘要

针对某款国产微车转向盘怠速抖动问题,在应用有限元技术进行分析找出主要原因后,首先基于转向系统的模态振型和相关工程经验通过修改相关结构来提高系统的一阶模态,然后利用基于混合近似模型的自适应全局最优化方法（HAM法）在系统总质量基本不增加的前提下优化部件的厚度,进一步提高整体的一阶模态。通过有限元仿真和试验验证,转向盘怠速抖动问题得到了改善。研究结果表明,优化设计中有效结合有限元法和HAM法具有较好的工程应用前景。%Aiming at the steering system idle shake ot a domestic large--scale mini car, tne paper found out the major reason by applying finite element technique. The first order mode was elevated at first by optimizing the system structure based on the first order modal shape and engineering experi- ence, and then the thickness of parts was optimized and the first order mode was improved further without increasing the total mass by using hybrid and adaptive metamodel based global optimization (HAM). The idle shake is decreased according to validation of finite element simulation and tests. The study shows that effective combination of FEM and HAM has good prospects for engineering ap- plications.