薄壁叶片精密加工装夹方案设计与优化

摘要

This paper analyzed three clamping schemes in thin-walled blades machining,stretching fixation,compressing fixation and fixation without preload,which can be used to solve the problem of elastic deformation in milling process because of the low rigidity and flexible processing in aero-engine industry.A mathematical model of the cutting point deformation was built using the bending and torsion theory.The relation among blade dimensions and elastic deformation locations,preloads and elastic deformation was given,which can be used to choose the best clamping scheme and instruct the application of preload.%针对航空发动机薄壁叶片刚性弱、加工工艺性差、加工过程中易发生弹性变形等问题,提出了无预载荷、有轴向拉压载荷的装夹方案,分析了3种装夹方案中的弯曲和扭转变形,建立了叶片的弯扭组合变形数学模型。通过对叶片弯扭组合变形数学模型的分析,得出了3种装夹方案下叶片几何尺寸与叶片加工变形位置的关系,以及拉压载荷对叶片加工变形的影响规律。