基于整车工况的电动汽车轮毂电机散热分析

摘要

针对电动汽车运行的各种工况，在整车条件下采用计算流体力学(CFD)数值计算的方法对外转子轮毂电机的温升性能进行了仿真计算，并分析了汽车来流速度、电机轴的热导率对轮毂电机散热性能的影响。研究结果表明：来流风冷散热条件下，电动车在高负荷工况下电机的温升过大，可通过加装散热翅片或者采用水冷散热等方式来达到对电机的散热冷却效果；重复制动工况中，制动盘的高温热辐射没有使电机的温升恶化；汽车前方来流速度对电机的温升影响较大，电机轴的热导率对电机的温升影响相对较小。%A CFD simulation performed on an in-wheel motor for electric vehicle was analyzed un-der various driving conditions and the temperature rising property of the out-rotor in-wheel motor was calculated.The cooling performance was studied related to the oncoming velocity and the conduction coefficient of the motor axle.Results show that under high-load driving conditions,the in-wheel mo-tor is subj ected to a large temperature rise only with incoming flow cooling method and can help lower the motor temperature by installing the cooling fins or using water-cooled devices.The high-tempera-ture thermal radiation from the brake disc doesn't tend to deteriorate the motor temperature rise dur-ing the repetitive braking condition.The oncoming velocity shows a great influence on the motor tem-perature rise,while the conduction coefficient of motor axle exercises a relatively light effect on the motor temperature rise.