复合式电磁作动器设计及特性试验

摘要

为回收车辆悬挂振动能量,解决减振及馈能之间的矛盾,提高悬挂系统可靠性,以某型军用轮式越野车辆为基础,设计了一款旋转电机与磁流变减振器(MRD)并联的复合式电磁作动器.以齿轮齿条作为运动转换装置,利用多目标遗传算法(MOGA)对MRD进行了优化设计,并对电机、减速机进行了参数计算和选型.加工试制了原理样机,分别对该复合式电磁作动器基础阻力、主动出力特性、馈能特性及MRD示功特性进行了试验研究.结果表明:该复合式电磁作动器可实现最大主动出力1 930 N,悬挂相对运动速度0.52 m/s条件下馈能电压可达43 V,而MRD部分2A电流下最大阻尼力为1 100N,可调倍数接近6,各项指标满足设计要求,适用于车辆工程领域.%In order to recover vehicle suspension vibration energy,solve the contradictions between vibrations and energy recoveries,and improve the reliability of suspension systems,based on some military wheel type cross-country vehicles,a composited electro-magnetic actuator was designed,that was constituted with rotary motor and magneto-rheological damper in parallel.Taking gears and splines as motion transition devices,multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA) was applied to evaluate MRD parameters,and the parameter calculations and type selection of motors and reduction boxes were conducted,a principle prototype was built.Some experiments on the basic resistances,active force characteristics,energy recovery characteristics and indicator characteristics of MRD were carried out.The results indicate that this composited electro-magnetic actuator may realize maximum active force to 1 930N,when suspension relative speed is as 0.52 m/s,energy recovery voltage may reach 43 V,while MRD may export maximum damper force of 1 100 N when the current input is as 2 A,the multiple that may be adjusted is as 6,each index may satisfy design requirements,and the MRD will be suitable for the areas of vehicle engineering.