拱形交叉固定接骨板的设计与应用分析

摘要

目的　自行设计拱形交叉固定接骨板,报告此板抗弯、抗扭强度及防拔钉和抗冲击能力。方法　对3组同种材质拱形板、矩形板、应力型板进行四点弯曲电测量、三点弯曲、循环拔钉及扭转拔钉和冲击对比试验。每组15块,每个试验用3块。结果　电测试验,拱形板中央应力值最小,抗弯强度最大;三点弯曲试验,拱形板强度极限最大;循环拔钉试验,拱形板开始拔钉循环次数最多;扭转拔钉试验,拱形板拔钉时,扭矩、扭转角最大;冲击试验,拱形板冲击韧性最高。结论　拱形板抗弯、抗扭强度及防拔钉和抗冲击能力最高,克服弯板、断板、拔钉能力强。%Objective　To study the ability of resisting pulling nail,bending,twisting and impacting of self-designed arched cross fixation bone fracture plate.Methods This bone fracture plate is made of 1Cr18Ni9Ti.Its elastic modulus is 2×107N/cm2,maximal intensity is 55KN/cm2,extension ration is 40%,contraction ratio of cross section is 32% and impulsion tenacity is 100N*m/cm2.Four points bent electronic measure test,three points bent test,circular pulling nail test,rotating pulling nail and impact comparison test were done in arched plate group,rectangle fixation plate group and stress plane group.The three types of plate were made from same materials.15 plates were used in each group and 3 plate were used in each test.Results　In electronic measure test,the arched cross fixation plate had the smallest centre stress and most strong resisting bending strength.In three points bent test,arched bone fracture plate had the most strong intensity.In circular pulling nail test,arched bone plate had the most circle numbers before the nail was pulled.In rotating pulling nail test,arched bone plate had the longest twisting distance and biggest rotating angle when the nail was pulled.In impacting test,arched bone fracture plate had the highest impact tenacity.Conclusion　Compared with other two plates,the arched bone fracture fixation plate had the best effect to resist bending,twisting,pulling nail and impacting.