目的 探讨PTEN和P53蛋白在子宫内膜癌中的表达及其在癌发生发展中的作用.方法 应用免疫组化方法检测40例子宫内膜癌组织和23例正常子宫内膜组织中PTEN和P53蛋白的表达,观察两者与子宫内膜癌临床病理学参数的关系,分析其在肿瘤发生发展中的作用.结果 40例子宫内膜癌中,PTEN阳性表达率为52.5%(21/40),与全部为阳性表达的正常子宫内膜相比,子宫内膜癌中PTEN的表达明显下降.PTEN蛋白的表达与子宫内膜癌的分化程度、临床分期、病理类型、肌层是否浸润及有无淋巴结转移无关.在正常子宫内膜组织中未见P53阳性染色,而在内膜癌组织中17.5%(7/40)染色呈阳性.P53蛋白的表达与肿瘤的分化程度有关,随着分化程度下降,表达增加.在子宫内膜癌中,PTEN和P53蛋白的表达具有相关性.结论 与正常子宫内膜相比,子宫内膜癌中PTEN的表达明显下降;P53则随着肿瘤细胞分化程度下降而表达增加.PTEN和P53在子宫内膜癌的发生发展过程中发挥着重要作用.%[Objective] To evaluate the significance of PTEN and mutant P53 expression and the correlations with carcinogenesis and tumor progression in endometrial carcinoma. [Methods] The expression of PTEN and P53 was detected in 40 cases of sporadic endometrial carcinoma and 23 cases of normal endometrium by immunohistochemistry staining. The relationships between the expression of PTEN and P53 and the clinicopathological factors were also examined. [Results] All the normal endometriums showed positive staining of PTEN. While in endometrial carcinoma the expression of PTEN protein was significantly decreased with the positive rate of 52.5%. There were no relationships between the PTEN expression and the clinicopathological factors, including tumor differentiation, clinical stage, histopathological classification, invasion of myometrium and lymphoid metastasis status. The positive rate of P53 protein expression was 17.5% in endometrial carcinomas. No positive staining was detected in normal endometriums. The expression of P53 was associated with histological grade in endometrial carcinomas. Moreover, there was correlation between PTEN and'P53 expression in endometrial carcinomas. [Conclusions] Our study show that PTEN protein expression reduced significantly in endometrial carcinoma and that P53 is overexpressed and associated with histological grade. Our findings suggest that loss of PTEN expression and mutation of P53 play an important role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression in endometrial carcinoma.
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