黑麦和燕麦种子萌发期耐盐性、抗旱性比较

摘要

In this study,the effects of salt stress and drought stress with different osmotic potential simulated with salt(NaCl)and polyethylene glycol(PEG-6000)on the seed germination and seedling growth ofSecalecerealandAvenasativawere explored. The results showed that the increasing salt stress and drought stress declined the seed germination rate,delayed and extended germination time,and slowed the growth of radical and plumule ofSecalecerealandAvenasativa;the germination rate and germination index ofAvenasativawere higher than those ofSecalecerealwhen the osmotic potential was 0 MPa,and the germination rate and germination index ofSecalecerealwere higher than those ofAvenasativawhen the NaCl and PEG stress were under -0.3~-1.8 MPa;the seed germination ofAvenasativawas inhibited when the osmotic potential of NaCl decreased to -1.2 MPa,and the seed germination ofSecalecerealwas inhibited when it decreased to -1.5 MPa;the seed germination ofSecale cerealandAvenasativawere seriously inhibited when the osmotic potential of PEG decreased to -1.2 MPa. So it was concluded that the salt tolerance and drought resistance ofSecalecerealwere stronger than those ofAvenasativa.%利用不同渗透势的NaCl和聚乙二醇（PEG-6000）溶液模拟盐胁迫和干旱，研究了不同干旱和盐胁迫对黑麦和燕麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：随着盐胁迫与水分胁迫的加剧，黑麦和燕麦种子的发芽率下降，发芽时间推迟，胚根与胚芽的生长减缓。渗透势为0 MPa时，燕麦的发芽率和发芽指数均高于黑麦；在-0.3～-1.8 MPa的NaCl和PEG渗透胁迫下，黑麦的发芽率和发芽指数均高于燕麦。当NaCl渗透势下降至-1.2 MPa时，燕麦的萌发受到抑制，下降至-1.5 MPa时，黑麦的萌发受到抑制。当PEG渗透势下降至-1.2 MPa时，黑麦和燕麦的萌发均已受到严重抑制。通过种子萌发期的相对发芽率、相对发芽指数、相对根重和芽重，应用隶属函数法对黑麦和燕麦种子萌发期耐盐性和抗旱性进行综合评价，得出黑麦的耐盐性、抗旱性均强于燕麦。