Objective To investigate the analysis of oral targeted adverse reaction and prevention of antitumor drugs. Methods 100 cases of cancer patients from 2011 January ~ 2013 year in January were respectively take 5 (gefitinib, erlotinib, Sola Fini, sunitinib and imatinib) listed anti-tumor smal molecules targeting drugs, were randomized divided into 5 groups, each group 20 cases take 5 kinds of targeted anticancer drugs, summarized and analyzed the adverse reactions from the patients with digestive system, blood system, skin and liver system system. Results The selected 5 kinds of anti-tumor smal molecules targeting drug after taking gefitinib, skin toxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity of 16N (80%), erlotinib: skin toxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity of 17N (85%), Sola Fini:skin toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity of 16N (80%), Shunite Ni:skin toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity 19n (95%), imatinib liver toxicity (85%):17n. The adverse reaction of skin toxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, liver toxicity reached 80%and above are patients (P>0.05), no significant difference. Conclusion Oral targeted antineoplastic drugs according to different symptoms in patients with safe and rational drug use.%目的：探讨分析口服靶向抗肿瘤药物的不良反应及预防。方法选取2011年1月～2013年1月收治的100例肿瘤患者分别服用5种（吉非替尼、厄洛替尼、索拉非尼、舒尼替尼及伊马替尼）上市抗肿瘤小分子靶向药物，采用随机数字表法将患者分为5组，每组20例服用5种靶向抗肿瘤药物，从患者消化系统、血液系统、皮肤系统及肝系统进行归纳分析不良反应。结果选取5种抗肿瘤小分子靶向药物服用后吉非替尼：皮肤毒性、胃肠道毒性16例（80%），厄洛替尼：皮肤毒性、胃肠道毒性17例（85%），索拉非尼：皮肤毒性、心血管毒性16例（80%），舒尼替尼：皮肤毒性、心血管毒性19例（95%），伊马替尼：肝毒性17例（85%）。患者均存在皮肤毒性、胃肠道毒性、心血管毒性、肝毒性等不良反应均达到80%及以上（P＞0.05），无显著差异。结论口服靶向抗肿瘤药物要根据患者不同病症情况安全及合理用药。
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