荧光定量PCR技术在肺结核诊断中的应用研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the value of real-time PCR technique in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.MethodsTuberculosis acid-fast smear examination,culture and identification of TB rapid,quantitative PCR three methods simultaneously detect 1 000 cases of tuberculosis patients sputum samples,comparing the detected results.Results PCR diagnostic technique positive 276 cases,the positive rate of 27.6% (276/1 000). Rapid TB culture positive 252 cases,the positive rate of 25.2%(252/1 000). Tuberculosis acid-fast smear examination 172 cases,the positive rate of 17.2%(172/1 000), acid-fast bacili smear-positive tuberculosis rate was much lower than PCR technique and rapid culture(P<0.05),and quantitative PCR and rapid TB diagnostic gold standard culture positive rate was 91.3%(252/276).ConclusionThe fluorescence quantitative PCR detection of tuberculosis DNA technology can improve TB diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and timeliness,so that TB patients receive early diagnosis and effective treatment.%目的：探讨荧光定量PCR技术在肺结核诊断中的应用价值。方法采用浓缩集菌涂片抗酸染色显微镜检查、美国BD960型分枝杆菌培养仪进行结核菌快速培养鉴定、荧光定量PCR结核分枝杆菌检测三种方法同时检测1000例肺结核患者的痰液标本，比较检测结果。结果 PCR技术诊断阳性276例，阳性率27.6%（276/1000）；结核菌快速培养阳性252例，阳性率25.2%（252/1000）；涂片抗酸染色显微镜检查172例，阳性率17.2%（172/1000），结核抗酸菌涂片阳性率低于PCR技术及快速培养法（P＜0.05），且荧光定量PCR技术与结核菌诊断金标准快速培养阳性符合率为91.3%（252/276）。结论荧光定量PCR技术检测结核分枝杆菌DNA技术，对结核病进行诊断，与传统的涂片、培养相比较，可提高肺结核诊断的敏感性、特异性和及时性，以期使肺结核患者得到早期诊断及有效治疗。